A Jurat is used when a signer is swearing to the truthfulness of a document's contents. As your notary, I will administer a formal oath or affirmation. This process requires the signer to sign the document in my presence. The wording "Subscribed and sworn to before me" signifies that you have signed (subscribed) and provided a verbal oath in the presence of the Notary Public. 

An Acknowledgment verifies the identity of the signer and confirms that they signed the document voluntarily. Unlike a Jurat, the signer is not swearing to the truthfulness of the document under oath, and they are not strictly required to sign in front of the notary—though they must personally appear to acknowledge their signature. 

In California, Notaries are only authorized to certify copies of a Power of Attorney. For other records like passports or transcripts, we use a "Copy Certification by Document Custodian." This allows the person in possession of the original to declare that the copy is identical. Please note that this process requires an oath or affirmation to be administered.